In 2003, the National Audit Office (NAO) conducted a Value for Money study to evaluate improvements that the National Health Service has made in the management and control of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) as a follow-up to their report in February 2000 on The Management and Control of Hospital-acquired Infections in Acute NHS Hospitals. We were commissioned to develop a component of this study which compared infection prevention and control practices and policies and the extent and costs of HAI in England with selected countries in North America, Australasia and the European Union. Our report was published by NAO in July 2004.

National Audit Office. Improving patient care by reducing the risk of hospital acquired infection: A progress report  (HC 876 Session 2003-2004). London. NAO. 14 July 2004.